Vendor orientation on decal chemistry and endpoint testing; marked thin for compliance purposes, not a primary standard.

Demonstrates that decal agent choice has measurable histological consequences; supports the principle that decal must be validated per specimen type.

Accelerated EDTA method preserves mRNA better than standard EDTA; relevant to labs running molecular assays on bone specimens.

Evaluates fixative-decal combinations for preserving both histology and nucleic acid quality; relevant to pre-analytical SOP design.

Demonstrates that decalcification status affects molecular assay results in bone tumors; validates the CAP pre-analytical reporting requirement in a clinical case series.

Practical review of decal methods organized by agent class; strong acids, organic acids, chelating agents. Useful protocol reference; not a primary standard.

Mechanotransduction modeled stoichiometrically under cyclical load; nitrogen availability is the primary constraint on matrix protein synthesis.

Chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) metabolism shapes cartilage matrix quality, but cartilage engineering lacks a non-destructive, time-resolved readout that links ...

Inflammation disrupts the normal metabolism of chondrocytes, shifting it toward catabolism and thereby accelerating cartilage extracellular matrix degradation

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and progressive joint disorder characterized by persistent inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) disruption, and chondrocyte apoptosis

Cyclodextrin-based metal-organic framework targeted to macrophages rescues efferocytosis and redox balance in the TMJ OA joint, promoting osteochondral repair; chondrocyte protection is downstream of macrophage polarisation.

Review arguing that mitochondrial dysfunction is a unifying mechanism across cartilage, bone, and muscle degeneration; frames mitochondrial quality control as a precision target for chondrocytes and other musculoskeletal cell types.

Reviews iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis, as a cell death route in OA chondrocytes.

Identifies a chondrocyte subpopulation with progenitor-like markers inside OA cartilage, a possible repair reservoir.

CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of a cartilage-specific FGFR3 enhancer normalized long bone and vertebral growth and reduced foramen magnum stenosis in mice.

IDH1/2 mutations in ~70 percent of conventional central chondrosarcomas drive D-2-hydroxyglutarate accumulation and epigenetic dysregulation; ivosidenib and enasidenib under investigation.

Integrated single-cell and experimental data link EIF6 and YWHAB to ROS production via p47phox-NOX2 under inflammatory conditions

Coordinated cell death explains why single-target inhibitors fail; natural products with pleiotropic action are proposed as strategy

Osteoarthritis is characterized by persistent inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress, chondrocyte dysfunction, and extracellular-matrix degradation

The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is a crucial mediator in knee osteoarthritis (OA), but the mechanisms of its pathogenic signaling remain elusive

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, for which effective disease-modifying therapies remain lacking

There is a critical need to understand the mechanisms that govern structural progression in osteoarthritis

Tongbi Lingding (TBLD) has demonstrated therapeutic effects in early- and mid-stage osteoarthritis (OA), but its active components and underlying mechanisms remain unclear

This study investigates the therapeutic potential of the synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 (WIN55) in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), focusing on its capacity to...

Patient-derived OA cartilage held in an organ-on-a-chip to follow disease dynamics in human tissue.

Exosomes, MSC, and nanofat all improved graft viability; exosomes gave the best GAG and collagen II retention at 8 weeks. Thin; reconstructive model.

Hydrogel combining collagen, hyaluronic acid, and PVA with gradient porosity steers bone marrow stromal cells toward cartilage fate in osteochondral constructs.

Callus organoids carrying endothelium regenerate critical-size long bone defects; the cartilage callus route to bone, built in a dish.

GelMA microspheres used to build cartilage organoid precursors, tested for defect repair.

Cartilage organoids as models for chondrogenesis and cartilage disease, covering differentiation, matrix synthesis, cultivation, and characterization.

Four-layer organoid recapitulates resting, proliferating, hypertrophic, and calcified zones of the native physis

Review joining transcriptomic and metabolomic layers by cell type in OA.

August 2026 review integrating scRNA-seq and spatial data for OA; identifies actionable pathway targets

Spatial data places CRIP1+ preHTC at pathological niches alongside prefibroblasts; confirmed as diagnostic candidate

History of cartilage repair and translational chondrocyte biology from the 1994 turning point onward.

Reviews ADAMTS-mediated aggrecan cleavage and MMP-13-mediated collagen degradation as the two main matrix breakdown pathways in OA.

Classic review defining the three-component matrix (type II/IX/XI collagen meshwork, aggrecan-hyaluronan complexes, noncollagenous proteins) and their mechanical roles.

Foundational framing: the chondrocyte as sole source and guardian of the cartilage matrix. Classic reference for matrix biology.